Dispensationalism is a widespread new religious movement in the United States that claims to be Christianity despite various unorthodox teachings. Ironically, most hardcore critics of dispensationalism accept its claim to be "true Christianity" on its face rather than recognizing it as an NRM. Major innovative claims of dispensationalists include conditional salvation, prosperity theology, and a complex Rapture and Second Coming story.
Dispensationalists are often called "evangelicals" or "fundamentalists", but as those terms do not imply any particular theology I am going to avoid them here.
Conditional salvation
In the Gospel of John and the letters of Paul, it is clearly written that all Christians will be saved and enter the Kingdom of God. According to dispensationalism, though, not all who claim to be Christians are "Real True Christians" (a sarcastic term coined by Fred Clark, who did an excellent review of the Left Behind series). The category of Real True Christian is vaguely defined by dispensationalists but seems to be mainly political: support for abortion, evolution or gay marriage automatically marks you as a "false" or "weak" Christian. Dispensationalism teaches that when the imminent Rapture occurs, only Real True Christians will be saved, and the rest will be left behind.
Prosperity theology
You probably know what this is already. Note that outside of dispensationalism, prosperity theology can sound a lot less greedy.
Dispensationalist rapture story
Dispensationalism is demarcated by its Rapture story, which claims:
- The nation of Israel literally refers to a state called Israel, viz., the one founded in 1947.
- The Jews need to convert to Christianity for this all to work.
- Real True Christians will be raptured.
- There will be a literal Antichrist, who will proclaim that he is bringing peace to the world. (Peace is apparently a sign of evil.)
- When peace is established he will imprison/kill all Christians.
- Jesus will come and set things right.