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Particular claims of paleodruidism, as enumerated by T.D. Kendrick, The Druids, 1928
Contents |
ARCHAEOLOGY
- Coligny calendar
- 355-day lunar year
- Shows Romanization influence
- Romanized altars
- Gristhorpe tumulus, excavated 1834
- Bronze age oak coffin
- Covered in oak branches
- Large amounts of mistletoe
Caesar
- (Read this yourself to learn most claims)
- Germans have no Druids.
Cicero
- A Druid by the name of Diviciacus, from central France, claimed to have knowledge of physiology/biology.
- He made predictions by means of augury and conjecture.
Diodorus Siculus
- Druids are Pythagoreans: they teach that man has an immortal soul and reincarnates.
- Druids are philosophers and theologians
- Druids are not sooth-sayers.
- When making a sacrifice to the gods, Gauls always ask Druids for mediation and assistance, because they are familiar with the divine.
- Druids have the power to halt a war even as the armies are face to face.
Strabo
- Druids study science and ethics.
- Druids used to arbitrate war.
- When making a sacrifice to the gods, Gauls used to ask Druids for mediation.
- Druids think that many sacrificed criminals mean a big harvest for the year.
- (Caesar repeated)
Timagenes
- Druids knew some history of Gaul.
- Druids had secret and sublime teachings.
- Druids are Pythagoreans.
Pomponius Mela
- Gauls no longer practice human sacrifice, but still draw blood.
- Druids have a twenty-year schooling regime. (via Caesar)
- Druids know geography.
- Druids are Pythagoreans.
- However, Gauls bury their dead with things they might need for the afterlife.
Maximus of Tyre
- Celts held the oak tree sacred.
Valerius Maximus
- Gauls are Pythagoreans.
Lucan
- Druids have a particular belief "about the gods and deities of the sky."
- Druids congregate in "the innermost groves of far-off forests."
- Only a priest would enter a grove, and he only entered it during the day. He avoided it at noon and night.
- Druids are Pythagoreans.
Pliny
- Druids used to hold oak trees sacred and everything that they bear, especially mistletoe.
- Druids congregated in groves of oak trees.
- Druids usually gather on the sixth day after a new moon, because of its influence.
- Druids have a special word for mistletoe which means "all-healing". They believe it is "an antidote for all poisons".
- Druids wear white robes.
- Druids cut the mistletoe with a golden sickle and distribute in a white sheet.
- Druids consider the selago plant a good luck charm.
- Druids consider the samolus plant a "charm against the diseases of cattle".
- Snakes sometimes form themselves into a ball called anguinum, or "snake-stone". Druids consider this ball a way to ensure success in lawsuits and favor with politicians, as long as the snakes don't catch you stealing it.
- Tiberius issued a decree against the Druids.
Tacitus
- Druids were part of the unconquered British forces in AD 70.
- These Druids were accompanied by "black-robed women with dishevelled hair like furies".
- Druids lifted their hands to heaven and shouted spells.
- Druids made predictions by reading human entrails.
- Druids drew portents from disasters like fire.
Historia Augusta (pseudonymous)
- A druidess made a prophecy to Alexander Severus.
- A druidess made a prophecy to Diocletian.
- A druidess made a prophecy to Aurelian.
It is altogether possible that druidesses (dryades) were a separate and less-recorded class of Gauls.
Diogenes Laertius
- Druids were seers and philosophers.
- There were other Gaulish seers called "Semnotheoi" (a corrupt and unreadable word).
- Druids were mentioned in Volume 23 of Succession of Philosophers by Sotion of Alexandria, prior to 200 BCE.
- Druids were mentioned in Magic by Pseudo-Aristotle.
- Druids "make their pronouncements by means of riddles and dark sayings, teaching that the gods must be worshipped, and no evil done, and manly behavior maintained." (This is similar to his description of Indian Brahmins.)
Ausonius
- Druids continue to exist.
Clement of Alexandria
- Druids and "Celtic philosophers" are mentioned separately.
Hippolytus
- Zamolxis went to Gaul and taught Pythagoreanism to the Druids.
- Druids also practice the magic arts.
Historia Britonum (pseudonymous)
- In the 400s AD, Vortigern had access to magi.